Ejecting mechanism for breakdown guns



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

M. BYE. EJEGTING MECHANISM FOR BREAKDOWN GUNS. No. 535,528.

, Patented Mar. 12, 1895.

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(No Model.) 1 3 SheetsSheet 2.

M. BYE. BJEGTING MECHANISM FOR BREAKDOWN GUNS.

No. 535,528, Patented Mar.12,'1895.

, (No Model.) 3 She5ts-Shet 3[ M. BYE. v EJEC TING MECHANISM FORBREAKDOWN GUNS.

No. 535,528. I Patented'Mar. 12, 1895.

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MARTIN BYE, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

EJECTING MECHANISM FOR BREAKDOWN GUNS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Application filed July 19, 1894.

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, MARTIN BYE, a citizen of the United States, residingat Worcester, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Breech-LoadingFirearms; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear,and exact description thereof, which, in connection with the drawingsmaking a part of this specification, will enable others skilled in theart to which my invention belongs to make and use the same.

My invention relates to breech loading firearms, and to that class offirearms, generally termed, break down internal hammer guns,

in which the barrel portion is jointed to the frame.

The object of my invention is to improve upon the construction offirearms, of the class above referred to, as now ordinarily made, andmore particularly to simplify the construction, and reduce the number ofparts, and provide an improved trigger locking mechanism, to prevent theaccidental discharge of the gun, and also an improved shell ejectormechanism, to cause the discharged shell, upon the breaking of the gun,to be forcibly ejected from the barrel. 1

My invention consists in certain novel features of construction of abreech loading fire arm of the class above referred to, and moreparticularly of the trigger locking mechanism, and the shell ejectormechanism.

Referring to the drawings: Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of aportion of a gun, of my improved construction, taken through one barrel,representing the several parts in the positions they occupy after thegun is fired and broken. Some of the concealed parts are shown by brokenlines. Fig. 2 is alongitudi nal section, corresponding to Fig. 1, butshows the gun closed preparatory to firing, and the trigger locked. Fig.3 corresponds to Fig. 2, but shows the parts in the position they occupyafter the trigger has been unlocked and the gun fired. Fig. 4 is aperspective detail of the fore end strap or plate, detached, andpartially broken away at one end, showing a part of the shell ejectormechanism. Fig. 5 is a top View, and partial section of the parts shownin Fig. 4. The ejector rods, and the hammer spring rods or followerswhich oper- Patent No. 535,528, dated March 12, 1895.

Serial No. 517,964. (No model.)

ate the latches of the shell ejector mechanism are shown by brokenlines. Fig. 6 shows the hammer spring rod or followers, detached, withone end beveled to engage the latch of the shell ejector mechanism. Fig.7 is a bottom view of the thumb lever, detached, and Fig. 8 is a centrallongitudinal section, through the mid rib of the gun, showing by fulllines some of the parts which are not shown in Fig. 1.

Ihaveshowninthe drawings sufficientparts construction and operation ofmy improvements applied thereto.

In the accompanying drawings, 1 is the gun frame, and 2 the barrelportion, jointedto the front part of the frame, by the pin 3, in theusual way. The barrel portion 2 is locked to the frame 1 by the thumblever 4, which engages the notch 5 in the rear of the barrel portion, inthe usual Way. The wood portion 6' of the fore end, is secured to thefore end strap 6, by a screw 7. Within the fore end strap 6 is locatedmy improved mechanism, for operating the shell ejectors.

I will first describe my improved trigger locking mechanism. The trigger8 and the sear 9 are made integral or in one part, and hung or pivotedonatransverse pin 10,secured in the upper part of the frame 1. providedwith a projection or nose 9, adapted to engage the notched end ofthe'rear extension 11' of the hammer 11, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, andis held in engagement therewith by a spring 8, which engages the rearprojecting part of the trigger S.

The trigger locking levei l3 is pivoted on a pin 14, in the slidingbar'15, which is supported and adapted to slide longitudinally intheupper part of the frame 1, and its front end is provided with alongitudinal slot 15, through which extends the pivot pin 10 of the searand trigger. The slide 15 is also provided in this instance with anupward extension or lug 15", at its front end, which is adapted toextend into an oblong hole or recess 16, in the under side of the thumblever 4. See Fig. 7.

The locking lever 13 has two diverging arms 13, and 13". The end of thelower arm 13 is adapted to extend over and engage a pro jection 9 on thetrigger 8 as shown in Fig.

The sear 9 is.

of a breech loading firearm, to illustrate the 2, to lock the trigger,and prevent the releasing of thehammer, and the accidental discharge ofthe gun. The other arm 13 of the locking lever 13 has its outer endbeveled or inclined, and slightly notched, and extends rearward betweentwo pins 16 and 16' on the downwardly extending arm 17 of the thumbslide 17. Said arm 17' extends through a longitudinal slotin the upperportion of the frame, and is adapted to move with the thumb slide 17, asthe same is moved forward or backward. The hooked end-18' of a spring 18extends over the pin 16 on the arm 17, and serves to hold said arm andthumb slide 17, in its backward or forward position, as shown in Figs. 2and 3. A small coiled spring 18",

is inclosed within a recess in the locking lever 13, as shown in Fig. 1,and bears at its upper end against the underside of the slide 15, andacts to move the locking lever 13 down, to cause the end of the arm 13'thereof to engage with the projection 9 on the trigger 8, when the slide15 is moved backward, as shown in Fig. 2. s

From the above description in connection with the drawings, theoperation of the trigger locking mechanism will be readily understood bythose skilled in the art.

In Fig. 2 the hammer is cooked, and the locking lever in engagement withthe trigger, to lock the same. When it is desired to fire the gun, thethumb slide 17 is pushed forward, in the direction of arrow a Fig. 2,causing the inclined edge of the arm 13", of the locking lever 13, toride up on the pin 16, and tilt the locking lever 13, and cause thelower end of the arm 13' thereof to be disengaged from the projection 9"on the trigger 8, as shown in Fig. 3. The trigger is now free to operateto fire the gun, as shown in Fig. 3. It will be observed that theforward motion of the thumb slide 17, to move thelocking lever 13 andunlock the trigger, does not move the slide 15, which is only moved bythe movement of the thumb lever 4, with which said slide is in indirectengagement, and there is nodirect engagement between the slide 15 andthe thumb slide 17. After the gun has been fired, the side movement ofthe thumb lever 4, (to re lease the barrels to break down the gun,) by

reason of the engagement of the projection 15" on the slide 15, with theoblong recess 16 in the lower surface of the thumb lever 4, will causethe slide 15, carrying the locking lever 13, to be moved backward, asshown in Fig. 1, leaving the trigger free to move, to allow the cookingof the hammer, as shown in said Fig. 1. At the same time the rear end ofthe slide 15 coming in contact with the thumb slide arm 17 will moveback the thumb slide 17, and cause the end 18 of the spring 18 to hookover the pin 16, as shown in Fig. 1. When the gun is closed, the returnmovement of the thumb lever 4, to lock the barrels to the frame, willcause the slide 15, carrying the locking lever 13, to move forward andbring the end of the arm 13 of the locking lever 13 barrel portion.

over the projection 9" on the trigger 8, to antomatically lock thetrigger, as shown in Fig. 2, leaving the thumb slide 17 in its backwardposition, preparatory to being moved forward to unlock the trigger, asshown in Fig. 3.

I will now describe the mechanism for operating the shell ejectors. Saidmechanism is operated in connection with the hammer spring rod orfollower.

The hammer 11 is cocked by the cooking lever 19, which is looselymounted on the pivot pin 12 of the hammer, and is acted on by a spring20, bearing on its lower rear corner. The rear end of the cooking lever19 is adapted to engage a side extension 11", on .the inside of thehammer, as shown in Fig. 8. The forward end of the cooking lever 19 isengaged by the projecting end of the cooking pin 21. Said cocking pin 21extends into a recess in the lower part of the barrel portion 2, and aspring 22 inclosed within a chamber in said pin, acts to force said pinoutwardly. A transverse pin 23 extends into adepression in said cockingpin 21, to prevent said cocking pin from coming out too far, as shown inFig. 8. The construction of the cocking pin 21 corresponds to theconstruction and operation of the cocking pin 11, shown and described inmy Patent No. 441,395, of November 25, 1890, to which reference ishereby made.

It will be observed that upon the breaking of the gun, the end of thecocking pin 21 will engage with the end of the cooking lever 19, androck said lever on the pin 12, and the other end of said cocking leverengaging with the side extension 11" on the hammer 11, will force backsaid hammer to cook the same, as shown in Fig. 8. The closing of thebarrels will allow the cocking lever 19, actuated by the spring 20, tomove down, as shown by dotted lines Fig. 2. The hammer 11 is operated.to fire the gun, on the pulling of the trigger, by a spring actuated rodor follower 24, supported and adapted to move longitudinally in a recessin the frame 1, below the The rod 24 has a head 25 fast on the inner endthereof, and said head 25 is provided with a rounded projection 25adapted to extend into a curved recess 26, in the front edge of thehammer 11, below the pivot point thereof. A spiral spring 27 encirclesthe rod 24, and bears at one end against the end of the recess 28 in thegun frame, and at its other end against the head 25 on said rod 24. Saidspring serves to actuate the rod, to cause the head 25 to act on thehammer to fire the gun. The outer end of the rod 24is beveled,.as-shownin Fig. 6, and is adapted to extend under the notched end 29 of a dog29, see Fig. 4 hung on 'a pin 30, secured in the end of the fore end-6.A coiled spring 30 extends under the other end of the dog 29, and actsto keep said end in its upper position.

It will be understood that the gun shown in the drawings is a doublebarreled gun, and the parts shown in Figs. 4and 5 are in duplicate.

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Within recesses or chambers 31 in the upper part of the fore end strapor plate 6, which extends between the barrels, are contained thelongitudinally moving spring actuated plungers 32, the outer ends ofwhich are engaged by the ends of the spring actuated latches or dogs 29,as shown in Fig. 4, to hold said plungers within their chambers, againstthe action of the spiral springs 33, confined within the chambers 31.See Fig. 5. The screw 7, which secures the wood 6' of the fore end, tothe fore end plate 6, extends through grooved or depressed portions 32',upon the inner surface of each pin 32, as shown in Fig. 5, and limitsthe outward motion of said plungers.

By locating the plungers 32 in the upper part of the fore end strap 6,and between the barrels, they will extend in the same horizontal planeas the ejector rods, and the ends of said plungers will engage directlywith the ends of the ejectorrods, and by this construction the woodportion 6 of the fore end is not eutinto or weakened, but remainsintact.

The shell ejector 34 may be of the usual construction, and is providedwith the ejector rod 35, which is supported and moves longitudinally inthe lower part of the barrel portion, as shown in Fig 8. A The inner endof the ejector rod 35, abuts on the outer end of one of the plungers 32,and the lower part of said end is notched as shown at 35,Fig. 8, toallow the inner end of the dog 29 to extend up in front of the rod 32,as shown in Fig. 4.

From the above description in connection with the drawings, theoperation of my improved shell ejector mechanism will be readilyunderstood by those skilled in the art.

After the gun has been fired, and before the same is broken, the severalparts of the operating mechanism are in the position shown in Fig. 3.Upon the breaking of the gun, the cooking lever 19, operated by thecooking pin 21, as above described and shown in Fig. 8, cooks thehammer, and the cocking of the hammer, by reason of the engagement ofthe projection 25 on the head 25 of the follower of the rod 24, with thefront edge of the hammer, forces forward said rod 24, and causes theinner beveled end 24' thereof to engage with the notched end 29 of thedog 29, at such time when the barrel has been broken down or tiltedsufficiently far for the shell to be ejected free of the frame. Theengagment of the end of the rod 24 with the end 29' of the dog 29, movessaid latch on its pivot pin 30, and depresses the other end of said dog,against the action of the spring 31, thereby releasing the end of theplunger 32, and allowing the spring 33 to act to force out said plunger,and with it the ejector rod 35 and the ejector 34, as shown in Figs. 1and 8, with sufficient force to eject the shell from the barrel.

It will be observed that the operation of the ejector mechanism for onebarrel, is entirely independent of the operation of the ejectormechanism for the other barrel, and in case one shell is not discharged,the breaking down of the gun to eject the discharged shell will noteject the other shell, for the hammer remaining cocked will act on thehead 25 of the rod 24, to force forward said rod, and cause the beveledend thereof to engage with the lowest point of the end 29' of the dog29, and operate the dog, to release the plunger 32, at the beginning ofthe breaking of the gun, to allow the ejector 34 to move out slowly, asthe gun is broken, without ejecting the shell, but moving it outsufficiently to be pulled out by hand if desired.

It will be understood that the details of construction of some of theparts of my improve ments for breech loading fire-arms, may be variedsomewhat from what is shown and described, if desired, and the triggerlocking mechanism applied to a gun of ordinary construction.

The advantages of my improved breech loading fire-arm will be readilyappreciated by those skilled in the art. It is of very simpleconstruction and operation, and there are few parts, which may bereadily assembled in the gun frame, and the action of the ejectormechanism is to automatically eject the discharged shell from thebarrel, on the breaking of the gun, so that a new shell may beimmediately inserted in the barrel without any delay.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a breech loading fire-arm, a trigger locking mechanism, consistingof a longitudinally sliding bar, supported in the upper part of theframe, at the rear of the cooking mechanism, said sliding bar adapted tobe engaged at its front end by the thumb lever, to be moved thereby, andcarrying the locking le- V61. pivoted thereon, and said locking lever,provided with two arms, one adapted to engage the trigger, to lock thesame, and the other adapted to engage the downwardly extending arm ofthe thumb slide, which operates to move said locking lever,'to unlockthe trigger without moving said sliding bar substantially as shown anddescribed.

2. In a breech loading fire-arm, the combination .with the sear andtrigger made integral, of a locking lever to lock the trigger, saidlever pivoted on a slide and provided with two arms, one adapted toengage the trigger, and the other having its end beveled and slightlynotched and adapted to engage a pin on the thumb slide, and said thumbslide, the forward motion of which moves the locking lever to unlock thetrigger, without moving the slide on which the trigger is pivoted, andsaid slide,carrying the locking lever, supported and adapted to movelongitudinally in the upper part of the frame, and engaged by the thumblever and moved thereby, and said thumb lever, substantially as shownand described.

3. In a trigger locking mechanism, the combination with a slide,supported and adapted to move longitudinally in the upper part of theframe, and provided with a projection at its front end adapted to engagethe thumb lever, to be moved thereby, and said thumb lever, of a lockinglever pivoted on said slide and adapted to move therewith, and to bemoved independently thereof and provided with two arms, one adapted toengage the trigger to lock the same, and the other adapted to engage thedownwardly extending arm of the thumb slide, to be moved thereby, tounlock the trigger without moving the slide on which said lever ispivoted, and said thumb slide, substantially as set forth.

4. In a breech loading fire-arm, the combination with the hammer,provided with a rearward projection adapted to be engaged by the sear,and a side extension adapted to be engaged by the cocking lever to cookthe hammer, of said cocking lever, mounted on the hammer pivot pin, anda cocking pin for operating said cockinglever, andaspring actuated rodor follower for acting on the hammer to fire the same, substantially asset forth.

5. In the fore end'of a gun, the combination with two longitudinallymoving plungers, contained in chambers in said fore end, and spiralsprings for actuating said plungers, also contained in said chambers,and a screw extending through depressions or grooves in said plungers,to limit the longitudinal movement thereof, and into the wood of thefore end, to secure the same to the fore end strap, of two springactuated dogs pivoted at the end of the fore end strap, and adapted toextend in front of the plungers above mentioned, to hold the same inplace, and to be moved away from said plungers to allow the same tooperate the ejector rods, to eject the shells, substantially as shownand described.

6. In adouble barrel breech loading fire arm,

' the combination, with the fore end strap proment of the breaking whenthe hammer is cooked, and at the final opening movement when the gun hasbeen fired, whereby the cartridge is ejected or extracted accordingly asthe gun has been fired or not, substantially as set forth.

7. In a double barrel breech loading fire arm, the combination, with thefore end strap provided with longitudinal chambers, of a spring actuatedplunger within each chamber, an ejector for each plunger, alongitudinally movable hammer spring rod, and means between the plungerand the rod, actuated by the rod, for releasing the plunger at theinitial movement of breaking when the hammer is cocked, and at the finalopening movement when the gun has been fired, whereby the cartridge isejected or extracted accordingly as the gun has been fired or not,substantially as set forth.

8. In a double barrel breech loading fire arm, the combination, with thefore end strap provided with longitudinal chambers, of a spring actuatedplunger within each chamber, a dog pivotally secured to the end of thestrap for each chamber, one end of which is adapted to move over themouth of the chamber, and the opposite end is provided with shoulders,an ejector rod for each plunger, andmeans for engaging with one of theshoulders of the dog when the gun is broken and the hammer is cooked,and with the other shoulder when the hammer is at rest, substantially asset forth.

9. In a double barrel breech loading fire arm, the combination, with thefore end strap provided with longitudinal chambers, of a spring actuatedplunger within each chamber, an ejector rod for each plunger, a dogpivotally secured to the end of the strap for each plunger, one end ofwhich is adapted to move over the mouth of the chamber, and the otherend is provided with shoulders, of a longitudinally movable hammerspring rod for each plunger, the end of which is adapted to engage withone of the shoulders, when the gun is broken and the hammer is cooked,and with the other shoulder when the hammer is at rest, substantially asset forth.

MARTIN BYE.

Witnesses:

JOHN C. DEWEY, MARY J. GALVIN.

